Credible Theories
Ancient Texts · Jewish and Christian pseudepigrapha

Life of Adam and Eve: What Happened After Eden?

An ancient sequel to Eden in which Satan explains that he fell because he refused to bow to Adam.

The Life of Adam and Eve picks up after the expulsion from Paradise. It survives as the Latin Vita Adae et Evae, the Greek Apocalypse of Moses and other versions, and most scholars date its core to the first to third centuries CE.

TraditionJewish and Christian pseudepigrapha
WhenWritten c. 100–300 CE; Latin and Greek versions
Also calledVita Adae et Evae, Apocalypse of Moses

The Life of Adam and Eve picks up after the expulsion from Paradise. It survives in several versions, the Latin Vita Adae et Evae and a Greek form known as the Apocalypse of Moses, plus Armenian, Georgian and Slavonic editions. Most scholars date the core to between the first and third centuries CE, and debate whether it began as a Jewish or Christian work.

Hungry and repentant, Adam and Eve decide to do penance by standing in rivers, Eve in the Tigris for thirty-seven days and Adam in the Jordan for forty. Satan comes to Eve disguised as an angel of light and tricks her into leaving the water early. When Adam demands to know why Satan hates them, the devil explains.

When Adam was created, Michael told all the angels to worship the image of God. Satan refused: "I will not worship an inferior and younger being than I. I am his senior in the Creation, before he was made was I already made." Other angels under him refused as well, and God cast them down to earth. This is almost the same scene the Quran tells about Iblis refusing to bow to Adam. Near her death, Eve tells her children to make tablets of stone and of clay recording the lives of their parents, because God will judge the world once by water and once by fire.

Strangest fact

Eve orders two sets of records, on clay and on stone, so that one will survive a flood and the other a fire, an ancient idea of disaster-proof archives.

What a skeptic would say

Scholars see the refusal-to-bow story as a shared tradition of late antiquity reflected in Christian and Islamic texts, not proof that one borrowed directly from a single original.

Questions people ask about Life of Adam and Eve

Why did Satan refuse to bow to Adam?

In the Life of Adam and Eve, Michael tells all the angels to worship the image of God in Adam. Satan refuses: "I will not worship an inferior and younger being than I. I am his senior in the Creation." Other angels under him refuse too, and God casts them down to earth.

What happened to Adam and Eve after Eden?

Hungry and repentant, they do penance by standing in rivers, Eve in the Tigris for thirty-seven days and Adam in the Jordan for forty. Satan, disguised as an angel of light, tricks Eve into leaving the water early. Near her death, Eve tells her children to record their parents' lives on tablets of stone and of clay.

Is the Iblis story in the Life of Adam and Eve?

The scene is almost the same as the Quran's story of Iblis refusing to bow to Adam. Scholars see the refusal-to-bow story as a shared tradition of late antiquity reflected in Christian and Islamic texts, not proof that one borrowed directly from a single original.

Where it turns up

Sources

  1. Vita Adae et Evae 12–16; 49–50, trans. R. H. Charles (1913)Primary text
  2. Jewish Encyclopedia (1906), "Adam, Book of"Reference
  3. Wikipedia, "Life of Adam and Eve"Reference

Quotations come from public-domain translations. Links open the free online copy or the reference page.

Updated